The key boundary is the point where two different information channels become comparable enough to rank together.
Text branch
BERT provides contextual language representations. Its preprocessing and output dimensionality should be explicit before fusion.
Vision branch
ResNet-50 produces a visual representation with its own preprocessing and failure cases. The branch should remain testable independently.
Fusion layer
Concatenation plus an MLP is a simple, explainable fusion pattern. The downstream system should consume one well-defined vector space.
Retrieval handoff
FAISS receives the shared representation and provides approximate nearest-neighbor retrieval. Evaluation should therefore cover the chain, not only individual encoders.
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AI Developer / ML Engineer building end-to-end AI systems from research to production, with a focus on multimodal AI, LLM applications, retrieval, MLOps, and systems engineering. He is based in Rawalpindi, Pakistan and is the founder of GROVE SYSTEMS.